LTAI-21-11-28 Practice

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2021-11-25 03:00 AKST

## LTAI-21-11-28 Practice

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2021-12-01 09:00 AKST
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# Problem CHailstone Sequences

Given an integer $n$, its hailstone sequence is constructed in the following way. First, the integer $n$ is itself added as the first number of the sequence. The following procedure is then repeated. If the last integer $a$ added to the sequence is even, we add $\frac{a}{2}$ to the sequence. If it is odd, we add $3a + 1$ to the sequence. Whenever the integer $1$ is added to the sequence, the procedure concludes and the sequence generated is the hailstone sequence of $n$.

For example, with $n = 7$, we get the sequence

$7, 22, 11, 34, 17, 52, 26, 13, 40, 20, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1$

This has length $17$.

It is unknown if the hailstone sequence is finite for every positive integer $n$. Proving whether this is the case or not is known as the $3n + 1$ problem, or the Collatz conjecture. It has been proven that the longest sequence among all $n \le 10^{12}$ has length 1349.

Given an integer $n$, determine the length of its hailstone sequence.

## Input

The input consists of an integer $n$ ($1 \le n \le 10^{12}$).

## Output

Output a single integer – the length of the sequence.

Sample Input 1 Sample Output 1
7

17