Problem A
Espresso! — Problem Statistics

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Submissions	3031
Accepted submissions	1112
Submission ratio	36.69%
Authors	1094
Full solves [?]	974
Full solve Ratio	89.03%

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Danny Robinson	0.01 s	Bash	2023-09-28 16:58:57

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Henrik Hallbert	0.02 s	C#	2022-04-04 08:50:59
2	Yuwono Bangun Nagoro	0.02 s	C#	2022-12-04 15:49:37
3	Johan Bjärneryd	0.02 s	C#	2023-03-05 20:11:11
4	Göran Andersson	0.03 s	C#	2022-05-15 16:20:41
5	Umar Rasyid	0.05 s	C#	2025-05-11 23:26:30
6	Mikael Fiala-Lundström	0.06 s	C#	2022-02-28 19:44:23

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Meyer Oppelt	0.00 s	Dart	2025-10-21 20:08:09

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Jacob Harris Cryer Kragh	0.04 s	F#	2022-10-15 13:42:12

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Norbert Voelker	0.08 s	Go	2022-03-14 22:24:58

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Ng Tek In	0.00 s	Haskell	2022-08-11 11:32:50
2	Ola Berglund	0.00 s	Haskell	2023-10-03 20:44:58
3	Steinar Simonnes	0.00 s	Haskell	2024-03-11 11:28:33
4	Brent Yorgey	0.01 s	Haskell	2022-02-27 22:37:21
5	Greg Gorlen	0.01 s	Haskell	2022-03-12 16:43:05

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Haohong Li	0.06 s	Java	2022-02-26 19:06:19
2	Kevin Xu	0.06 s	Java	2022-02-26 19:11:06
3	Michael Shi	0.06 s	Java	2022-02-26 22:33:33
4	Ranjith M	0.06 s	Java	2022-02-27 19:42:01
5	Peter Li	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-01 20:50:29
6	Hieu Tran	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-06 09:30:49
7	Stela Palii	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-07 07:32:09
8	Kyle Kelly	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-07 22:47:50
9	Crystal Sharpe	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-15 03:00:38
10	Sven Rönnbäck	0.06 s	Java	2022-03-19 17:46:10

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Duncan Adkins	0.05 s	JavaScript (Node.js)	2025-09-06 22:35:51
2	Gurushant Gurushant	0.09 s	JavaScript (Node.js)	2023-04-18 23:21:31
3	Ram Basnet	0.42 s	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-01 18:18:42
4	Niamh Limerick	0.42 s	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-02 18:14:20
5	Chris Wong	0.42 s	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-15 17:00:04

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Bjørn Chr. Soltvedt	0.02 s	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2022-03-01 22:59:36
2	Håkan Lindahl	0.02 s	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2022-06-17 13:33:53
3	Christian Pilegaard Cederquist	0.02 s	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2023-01-29 09:33:51
4	Zach Tschetter	0.02 s	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2023-04-23 02:03:50
5	Jimmy Gustafsson	0.02 s	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2024-08-07 14:01:01

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Timothy Gaede	0.54 s	Julia	2024-04-25 05:27:17

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Nicholas Johnson	0.14 s	Kotlin	2022-02-26 19:06:28
2	Jacob Huebner	0.14 s	Kotlin	2022-03-01 01:51:39
3	Benjamin Laurence Erickson	0.18 s	Kotlin	2022-11-08 21:28:09
4	Adam Rankin	0.18 s	Kotlin	2023-05-11 00:10:55
5	Sergey Jakobsen	0.19 s	Kotlin	2022-05-02 22:08:37
6	Whitt Sanders	0.19 s	Kotlin	2023-04-18 23:32:40
7	Martijn Muijsers	0.20 s	Kotlin	2024-07-05 14:09:06

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Hidden user	0.00 s	OCaml	2025-03-25 11:47:08

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Ingemar Ragnemalm	0.00 s	Pascal	2022-03-15 07:54:50

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Hakan Kjellerstrand	0.02 s	Prolog	2023-03-12 18:55:01
2	Andriy Zyevakov	0.02 s	Prolog	2024-02-05 08:05:52

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Hasan Kalzi	0.02 s	Python 2	2022-06-18 10:13:04

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Christian Blumenthal	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-06-04 20:27:02
2	Kelly Dance	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-06-05 00:04:21
3	Petr	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-06-17 18:19:24
4	Hasan Kalzi	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-06-18 10:12:49
5	Ryan Tan	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-07-10 14:36:55
6	Mukerem Ali Nur	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-08-17 13:33:29
7	Hidden user	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-08-22 20:21:50
8	Thomas Feld	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-08-25 11:54:26
9	Soroush Mahdavi	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-08-26 22:23:07
10	Henry Xia	0.04 s	Python 3	2022-09-02 03:49:26

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Thomas Feld	0.06 s	Ruby	2023-03-29 09:26:46

#	User	Runtime	Language	Date
1	Bas Dirks	0.00 s	Rust	2022-02-27 09:47:39
2	Eric Pinter	0.00 s	Rust	2022-03-25 03:00:02
3	Magix	0.00 s	Rust	2022-06-13 00:02:02
4	David Rasch	0.00 s	Rust	2023-11-22 14:39:34
5	Vincent Lagerros	0.00 s	Rust	2025-08-09 17:41:12
6	Eric Riddle	0.00 s	Rust	2025-09-06 06:20:53

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Danny Robinson	67	Bash	2023-09-28 16:59:57

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Matthew Weston	319	C	2022-02-28 15:14:25
2	Mikael K Eriksson	370	C	2022-03-01 11:21:00
3	Allan Nouri	370	C	2024-05-07 13:45:39
4	Hidden user	390	C	2025-03-21 22:27:01
5	A.G. Mazzarella	412	C	2025-09-17 15:41:27
6	Szymon Kucharski	421	C	2022-09-29 16:01:57
7	R.P. Gerner	460	C	2024-09-30 15:43:30
8	Mihai Bulubasa	463	C	2025-09-17 16:15:20
9	Nick Hargrove	481	C	2022-02-28 02:09:25
10	Adrians Formanickis	491	C	2025-09-17 16:37:45

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Göran Andersson	827	C#	2022-05-15 16:20:41
2	Henrik Hallbert	941	C#	2022-04-04 08:50:59
3	Yuwono Bangun Nagoro	1015	C#	2022-12-04 15:49:37
4	Johan Bjärneryd	1077	C#	2023-03-05 20:11:11
5	Mikael Fiala-Lundström	1414	C#	2022-02-28 19:44:23
6	Umar Rasyid	1420	C#	2025-05-11 23:26:30

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Lorena Hantig	278	C++	2022-03-01 11:32:32
2	jc x	291	C++	2022-10-23 06:19:20
3	Atli Fannar Franklín	294	C++	2022-03-03 19:29:19
4	Jesús Pacheco Alonso	317	C++	2024-09-22 19:51:45
5	JUSTIN TAN	319	C++	2022-08-20 04:05:45
6	Armen Andreasyan	325	C++	2022-03-08 19:25:29
7	Francesco Maria Petrangeli	326	C++	2023-11-29 15:10:33
8	Hyunjun Lee	328	C++	2022-10-11 15:46:42
9	Grae Yeandle	329	C++	2022-02-27 15:41:42
10	Samoila Ciprian	333	C++	2022-03-01 12:16:03

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Meyer Oppelt	946	Dart	2025-10-21 20:08:09

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Jacob Harris Cryer Kragh	968	F#	2022-10-15 13:42:12

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Norbert Voelker	614	Go	2022-03-14 22:24:58

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Ng Tek In	502	Haskell	2022-08-11 11:32:50
2	Steinar Simonnes	713	Haskell	2024-03-11 11:28:33
3	Ola Berglund	743	Haskell	2023-10-03 20:44:58
4	Greg Gorlen	771	Haskell	2022-03-12 16:43:05
5	Brent Yorgey	8616	Haskell	2022-02-27 22:37:21

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Carter Henderson	426	Java	2022-04-28 17:39:42
2	Kaleb Cole	514	Java	2023-02-07 00:55:17
3	Josh Henderson	523	Java	2022-02-26 19:16:36
4	MaxLuettich	523	Java	2022-12-08 16:46:16
5	Kevin Kauffman	530	Java	2022-02-27 19:48:25
6	Mason Wiedow	547	Java	2025-09-04 23:57:41
7	Nathaniel Lukas Christianto	555	Java	2023-12-26 13:31:17
8	Doug Goodman	578	Java	2022-02-27 19:56:41
9	Brian Howard	598	Java	2022-09-30 22:18:49
10	Brady Graham	619	Java	2024-04-13 21:51:30

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Duncan Adkins	753	JavaScript (Node.js)	2025-09-07 22:26:20
2	Gurushant Gurushant	860	JavaScript (Node.js)	2023-04-18 23:21:31
3	Niamh Limerick	928	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-02 18:14:20
4	Chris Wong	948	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-15 17:00:04
5	Ram Basnet	954	JavaScript (Node.js)	2022-03-01 18:18:42

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Jimmy Gustafsson	118	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2024-08-07 14:01:01
2	Christian Pilegaard Cederquist	237	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2023-01-29 09:33:51
3	Bjørn Chr. Soltvedt	262	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2022-03-01 22:59:36
4	Zach Tschetter	312	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2023-04-23 02:03:50
5	Håkan Lindahl	654	JavaScript (SpiderMonkey)	2022-06-17 13:33:53

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Timothy Gaede	567	Julia	2024-04-25 05:27:17

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Sergey Jakobsen	378	Kotlin	2022-05-02 22:08:37
2	Benjamin Laurence Erickson	410	Kotlin	2022-11-08 21:28:09
3	Nicholas Johnson	503	Kotlin	2022-02-26 19:06:28
4	Jacob Huebner	503	Kotlin	2022-03-01 01:51:39
5	Adam Rankin	760	Kotlin	2023-05-11 00:10:55
6	Martijn Muijsers	843	Kotlin	2024-07-05 14:09:06
7	Whitt Sanders	1234	Kotlin	2023-04-18 23:32:40

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Hidden user	437	OCaml	2025-03-25 11:47:08

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Ingemar Ragnemalm	367	Pascal	2022-03-15 07:54:50

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Andriy Zyevakov	493	Prolog	2024-02-05 08:05:52
2	Hakan Kjellerstrand	514	Prolog	2023-03-12 18:55:01

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Hasan Kalzi	581	Python 2	2022-03-06 20:09:02

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Kevin Gomez	94	Python 3	2023-08-29 06:48:45
2	Benjamin Z White	113	Python 3	2023-05-05 21:37:28
3	David Aldenbro	114	Python 3	2025-08-24 14:28:39
4	Simon Baeckelant	133	Python 3	2024-05-09 00:07:16
5	Ahmed Chamseddine	134	Python 3	2024-08-09 19:33:37
6	Charles Ancheta	138	Python 3	2023-04-18 22:28:25
7	Thomas Feld	145	Python 3	2022-08-25 11:54:26
8	Thibault Raffaillac	148	Python 3	2024-08-01 14:29:58
9	Guillaume Tardif	152	Python 3	2024-11-21 02:07:52
10	Guillermo Hernández	156	Python 3	2022-09-10 01:24:22

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	Thomas Feld	65	Ruby	2023-10-12 12:33:46

#	User	Length	Language	Date
1	David Rasch	586	Rust	2023-11-22 14:39:34
2	Vincent Lagerros	615	Rust	2025-08-09 17:41:12
3	Bas Dirks	635	Rust	2022-02-27 09:47:39
4	Eric Riddle	882	Rust	2025-09-06 06:20:53
5	Eric Pinter	1361	Rust	2022-03-25 03:00:02
6	Magix	1745	Rust	2022-06-13 00:02:02

Solution running time distribution